By-Vimal Kumar, Sarvesh Sharma, Mohammad Yaseen Khan : Abstract: The field of Nanotechnology has been revolutionary as substantial technical and scientific growth in basic sciences plus manipulation by chemical or physical process of individual atom & molecules have widened its horizon. In drug therapy we face the problems of poor solubility, limited chemical stability, short half life, and poor bioavailability & strong side effects. The recent development in drug delivery system has opened up new potential & possibility for tailor-mare production of pharmaceutical drugs,oral peptides, gene therapy and nanocosmeceuticals.
Introduction 6. Regulatory issues/hurdles
The development of effective drug delivery systems that can 7. Lack of large scale production transport and deliver a drug precisely and safely to its site of Nano-system as a solution for Novel drug delivery action is becoming the ‘holy grail’ of pharmaceutical researchers.
Nanotechnology, the term derived from Greek word ‘nano’, Drug targeting has evolved as the most desirable but elusive goal meaning dwarf, applies the principles of engineering, electronics, in drug delivery science. An ideal targeted drug delivery approach physical and material sciences & manufacturing at a molecular would not only increase therapeutic efficacy of drugs but also and supra-micron level. The material at nanoscale could be a decrease the toxicity associated with drug to allow lower doses of device or system or these could be dimension range from 0.1nm- the drug to be used in therapy. A vast array of methods, which can 1000 nm. Nanotechnology offer a vision for ‘smart’ drug approach further be classified into two key approaches active and passive
involving the design, synthesis & characterization of material or have been explored for targeting drugs by means of designing devices that have functional association in nanoscale. The idea innovative nanosystems.
that Nanoparticles has unique physical & biological properties Incorporation of the drug into a particulate carrier can protect it that might be used to overcome the problems of drug delivery and against degradation in vitro and in vivo, the release can be targeting. This review describes the use of nano-particulate controlled and it also offers possibilities for targeting.
carrier system as one solution to overcome delivery problem i.e. Particulate nanosystem fulfills the main characteristics of novel nano-sphere, nano-constructed lipid carrier, solidlipid drug delivery:
nanoparticles (SLN) and the latest innovations in the drug delivery. 1. Easy to produce
2. Applicable to as many drugs as possible
Challenges for drug delivery 3. Physically stable
Of course, the challenges are manifold; basically one can 4. Being composed of well tolerated and simultaneously
differentiate between problems being very often related to these already regulatory accepted excipients
drugs and problems being more related specifically to a molecule, 5. Being able to be produced on large scale
e.g. conformation issues. Problems frequently encountered are: 6. Production lines should be able to be qualified and
1. Poor solubility acceptable by regulatory authorities.
2. Insufficient in vitro stability (shelf life) Methodology for Nanosystem
3. Poor bioavailability
4. Short in vivo stability (half life) As a drug delivery carrier nanosystem is prepared in following
5. Side effect, (need for targeted delivery) forms:
*Author are from Laxmi Narain College of Pharmacy, Department of Pharm. Biotechnology & Phyto-Pharmaceuticals, Kalchuri Nagar, Bhopal. India